International Journal of Systems Applications, Engineering & Development
E-ISSN: 2074-1308
Volume 14, 2020
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Volume 14, 2020
Title of the Paper: System Modelling of the Cereal Grading System in Tunisia
Authors: Lakhoua M.N.
Pages: 194-199
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.26
Abstract: After a presentation of the cereal activities in Tunisia, we present, according to a systemic analysis approach, the cereal grading system. A model describing the functioning of complex system was established and has allowed identifying the information that ruled it. An information matrix is defined and elaborated, it enables on the one hand to identify the produced and consumed information concerning each activity and on the other hand to determine the relations between the activities.
Title of the Paper: Death/Recovery Prediction for Covid-19 Patients using Machine Learning
Authors: Omar Mohamed, Ali Bou Nassif, Manar AbuTalib, Qassim Nassir
Pages: 189-193
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.25
Abstract: Covid19 is a newly discovered corona virus that has been officially announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. It is a new virus in the medical field that has no specific treatment and no vaccines until this moment. Covid19 is spreading very fast as the medical systems over the world are not able to hospitalize all the patients which lead into a significant increase in the number of the virus death. This work uses machine learning models to predict which patient has a higher probability of death. Three different algorithms such as multilayer perceptron, support vector machine and K nearest neighbor were used in this work. The accuracies achieved were between 92% to 100% with MLP, SVM and KNN. SVM achieved the highest accuracy. The models were evaluated through precision, accuracy, recall and F measure.
Title of the Paper: Metaheuristic Techniques in Optimizing Traffic Control Lights: A Systematic Review
Authors: Israa Abu-Shawish, Sara Ghunaim, Ali Bou Nassif, Mohammad Azzeh
Pages: 183-188
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.24
Abstract: Traffic congestion is a serious problem on every roadway and streets in many cities around the world. This systematic review is devoted to analyze research papers that deal with the optimization of traffic signal timing. The main objective of such optimization is maximizing the number of the vehicles leaving the network in a given period of time. This will lead to enhancing the performance of the road system. In this work, we researched the most recent metaheuristic optimized traffic light control techniques. It was shown that integrating optimization techniques in the field of traffic lights control had a great impact on the performance of traffic monitoring. During our research, we found that the most used method was the Genetic Algorithm (GA).
Title of the Paper: Modeling and Supervision of Natural Gas Station in a Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Lakhoua M.N.
Pages: 178-182
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.23
Abstract: This paper presents the need for structured analysis and real time (SA-RT) method of control-command applications in a thermal power plant (TPP) using a supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA). Then, the architecture of a SCADA system in a TPP in Tunisia is presented. A significant example of a control-command application in a TPP in Tunisia is presented. It is about the natural gas station of the TPP. Then an application of a structured analysis method in a TPP, generally used in industry, on the basis of the SA-RT formalism is presented. In fact, different modules are presented: Context Diagram, Data Flows Diagram, Control Flows Diagram, State Transition Diagram, Timing Specifications and Requirements Dictionary. Finally, this functional and operational analysis allows us to assist the different steps of the specification, the programming and the configuration of a new tabular in a SCADA system of the natural gas station.
Title of the Paper: Comparative Study On Cloud Computing Simulation Platforms
Authors: Samah Alshathri
Pages: 172-177
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.22
Abstract: Experimentation in a real environment is quite problem due to the high financial cost and the time required to accomplish it. Above all that, the tests are not repeatable, because many variables cannot be controlled with in the test, which may affect the results. Therefore, using simulation frameworks to evaluate cloud applications is preferred. It is extremely difficult to use real infrastructures for benchmarking the application performance (throughput, cost benefits) under inconstant conditions. Therefore, we cannot execute benchmarking experiments using real-world Cloud environments. To overcome this challenge, the use of simulation tool is the best applicable choice to the developers with substantial resources and parallelized execution. These simulation tools offer the researchers the chance to evaluate the hypothesis in a measured environment and simply emulate the output results. This paper have reviewed and classified the most updates and extends simulation platforms in cloud computing and gave examples on each.
Title of the Paper: A Novel Approach to Increase the Efficiency of a Multi-lingual Real-time Speaker Identification System
Authors: Alaka Pradhan, Susanta Kumar Sarangi, Kanhu Charan Bhuyan
Pages: 159-171
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.21
Abstract: Nowadays, the real-time speaker recognition system is very popular due to its cost-effective nature. However, it is a very challenging one to produce a more efficient speaker identification system. In our work, we work on a multi-lingual real-time speaker identification system. We work in a novel way to enhance the efficiency of the said system. We take some real speech signals and use different speech enhancement methods and our proposed voice activity method (VAD) to enhance the efficiency of said system. By doing so, we increase the accuracy of the said system relatively by 2% as compared to existing methods.
Title of the Paper: Analysis of a Regulated Cascode Cross Couple Power Amplifier
Authors: Kittipong Tripetch
Pages: 153-158
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.20
Abstract: The input impedance of a regulated cascode cross couple amplifier is derived. The frequency response of the input impedance polynomial form can be plotted with MATLAB. From the polynomial form of the input impedance of the proposed circuit, it can be transformed by substitute complex frequency s with jω into the polynomial form equation. After that, this function can be grouped into a symbolic real and a symbolic imaginary form. The next step in derivation is to multiply this function with a complex conjugate function of the symbolic complex form of the input impedance. The last step is to plot a real and an imaginary part as a function of the input frequency so that the power amplifier can be matching with the various matching circuit according to the condition of the maximum power transfer.
Title of the Paper: Low power CMOS based Self Controlled Precharge Free Content Addressable Memory with Minimum area for Image Processing Devices
Authors: S. Arulpriya, P. Kumar
Pages: 144-152
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.19
Abstract: Image processing devices plays a vital role in several applications like medical, security, biometric etc. The devices ranges from portable size to larger machines with and without Human Computer Interface possibilities. As the image processing and human computer interface system application requires higher memory requirements, the power and area should be small. Searching of data is a high priority work in image classification. To perform high speed search through hardware Content Addressable Memory is used. But the circuit suffers from higher power consumption, precharging issues and low performance. For longer word length the elimination of precharge is needed. So for high speed applications self-controlled precharge-free CAM (SCPF-CAM) is suitable. A 4T hybrid self controlled pre charge free Content Addressable Memory is proposed in this paper using CMOS 32nm technology. The observation shows that the circuit works at high speed, minimizes the search time and has high performance operation. When compared to the conventional SCPF-CAM, 8T CAM the proposed design reduces the number of transistors. The reduction in area is about approximately 20% and can be used in low power and low energy applications. In Synopsis HSPICE Predictive technology models were used for the implementation in 32nm CMOS technology. The work will be extended in future using FinFET technology where the leakage current can be minimized.
Title of the Paper: Development of a Single Screw Extruder For The Production of Wood-Plastic Composite
Authors: Omoniyi T.E, Adesanya D.E
Pages: 133-143
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.18
Abstract: A wood-plastic composite extruder (single screw extruder) was designed, fabricated and evaluated to recycle and produce a product for non-structural purposes. The extruder is separated into four units: The feeding, conveying, heating and forming unit. The material is fed by gravity into a hopper and conveyed by a screw conveyor at a predetermined speed through a heated barrel and the extrudate is metered through the breaker plate and the die. The output rate is directly related to the screw speed. Test samples were produced with the machine and experimental tests were conducted to determine its suitability for non-structural purposes and applications. The performance evaluation test on the machine shows that at speeds of 4rpm and 50.25rpm, the machine performs at 87% and 82% efficiency respectively which makes it effective for production. The machine takes a maximum of 5mins to recycle a batch with an average capacity of 14.04kg/hr at 4rpm and 17.55kg/hr at 50.25rpm. The machine conserves cost and energy due to low specific mechanical energy consumption of 191.21kJ/kg
Title of the Paper: Five-level Direct Torque Control with Balancing Strategy of Double Star Induction Machine
Authors: Elakhdar Benyoussef, Said Barkat
Pages: 116-123
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.16
Abstract: This work relates to the study of direct torque control of the double star induction machine drive fed by two five-level diode-clamped inverters. The analysis of the three-phase direct torque control shows that this concept can be extended easily to double star induction machine even when it is fed by a multilevel inverter. Diode-clamped inverter, as one of the prominent multilevel inverters, has several advantages like high voltage and low current waveform distortion. However, it suffers from the problem of neutral point potential variation. The variation causes an unbalance in the DC-link voltage levels and increases consequently the current waveform distortion. This problem can be solved in satisfactory way by using multilevel direct torque control equipped by a balancing strategy. The simulation results, illustrating the steady state and dynamic performances, prove the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
Title of the Paper: SWOT and AHP Analysis in Determining the Strategy of Product Marketing Excellence in Companies
Authors: Siswo Hadi Sumantri, Suyono Thamrin, I. Nengah Putra Apriyanto, Edi Suhardono, Beny Rudiawan, Arica Dwi Susanto
Pages: 110-115
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.15
Abstract: The development of companies in the digital era especially product business in Indonesia is now increasingly prominent in complexity, competition, change, and uncertainty so that the company's marketing and sales systems have not reached a maximal capacity due to the lack of superior and appropriate strategy. The researcher considered several alternatives using SWOT analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to overcome these problems. The results showed that using the SWOT-AHP Analysis, it was found that the Strength parameter got the highest score by 53% and Opportunity parameter by 21%. Through the SWOT sub-criteria, it was found that the Strenghts priority were S2 (Registered patent) with a score of 0.53, S1 (New product) with a score of 0.29, S3 (Mechanical technology) with a score of 0.28, respectively. While weaknesses priority were W2 (inoptimal product promotion) with a score of 0.63, W1 (product not widely known) with a score of 0.37. In addition, the Opportunities Priority were the order of O2 (market share's openness) with a score of 0.52, O3 (More efficient products) with a score of 0.29, and O1 (Switching products from manual to automatic) with a score 0.19. And finally, the Threats priority were T1 (raw material) with a score of 0.53, T2 (price competition) with a score of 0.26 and T3 (product fraud) with a score of 0.21. The top priority of leading marketing strategy are by increasing product quality by 39.3%, while the second priority is marketing cooperation by 21.4%, the third is the pricing strategy by 20.5% and the last is promotion by 14.8%.
Title of the Paper: Determination of Critical Pattern of 60 Meter Ship Construction Project Using Precedence Diagram Method (PDM)
Authors: Siswo Hadi Sumantri, Suyono Thamrin, I Nengah Putra Apriyanto, Edi Suhardono, Beny Rudiawan, Arica Dwi Susanto
Pages: 97-109
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.14
Abstract: PT. XYZ in Surabaya is engaged in the production of commercial ships, providing ship repair and maintenance services as well as general engineering with specifications based on orders. Along with the development of the technology industry, ship production requires every shipyard to evaluate the system used. The time delay is the problem of building a 60 meter commercial ship. The Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) is a method for scheduling project time and showing critical trajectories of project activities. The results showed that in the project scheduling, there are 13 activities that have a zero value or critical activity which are activities Hull Fabrication, Hull Sub Assembly, Hull Assembly, Hull Erection, Blasting and Painting Raw Material, Finishing Hull, Anode, Machinery Outfitting, Cabling, Computing and Information, Machinery Commisioning, Equipment Commisioning, Harbour Acceptance Test, Yard Trial, Delivery to Customer So that it needs more strict control and supervision from the contractor in carrying out the activities of the 60 meter commercial ship building project activities for each activity/activity so that it does not experience delays and the project can be completed on time.
Title of the Paper: High CMRR Voltage Mode Instrumentation Amplifier Using a New CMOS Differential Difference Current Conveyor Realization
Authors: T. Ettaghzouti, N. Hassen
Pages: 87-96
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.13
Abstract: This paper describes a new CMOS realization of differential difference current conveyor circuit. The proposed design offers enhanced characteristics compared to DDCC circuits previously exhibited in the literature. It is characterized by a wide dynamic range with good accuracy thanks to use of adaptive biasing circuit instead of a constant bias current source as well as a wide bandwidth (560 MHz) and a low parasitic resistance at terminal X about 6.86 Ω. A voltage mode instrumentation amplifier circuit (VMIA) composed of a DDCC circuit and two active grounded resistances is shown as application. The proposed VMIA circuit is intended for high frequency applications. This configuration offers significant improvement in accuracy as compared to the state of the art. It is characterized by a controllable gain, a large dynamic range with THD less than 0.27 %, a low noise density (22 nV/Hz1/2) with a power consumption about 0.492 mW and a wide bandwidth nearly 83 MHz. All proposed circuits are simulated by TSPICE using CMOS 0.18 μm TSMC technology with ± 0.8 V supply voltage to verify the theoretical results.
Title of the Paper: Empirical Investigation of Noise Reduction Filter for a Flow-based Spirometer Accuracy Improvement
Authors: Hamed Bagheri, Mahdi Sajjadi, Ramin Chimeraad
Pages: 81-86
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.12
Abstract: A turbine spirometer with an IR rotary encoder is designed and fabricated for performing Respiratory Function Tests (RFT). The system includes a hardware for gathering breath inspiratory flow rate and a user software which represents analyzed data of patients' breath flow and volume parameters in real-time. A major challenge in design of flow-based spirometers is the accuracy of device in measuring volume parameters of RFTs which is due to large effects of sensing data error and noise. The purpose of the paper is evaluating the efficiency of three different types of digital noise reduction filters in term of improving the accuracy of system in calculation of air volume passing through the spirometer turbine by use of data obtained by the innovative flow sensor. Three distinct kinds of flow waves are experimented and the most sufficient filter for corresponding respiratory function tests are reported.
Title of the Paper: Hybrid Between Ontology and Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization for Segmenting Noisy Plant Disease Image
Authors: Eman K. Elsayed, Mohammed Aly
Pages: 71-80
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.11
Abstract: One of the main risks to food security is plant diseases, but because of the absence of needed infrastructure and actual noise, scientists are faced with a difficult issue. Semantic segmentation of images divides images into non-overlapped regions, with specified semantic labels allocated. In this paper, The QPSO (quantum particle swarm optimization) algorithm has been used in segmentation of an original noisy image and Ontology has been used in classification the segmented image. Input noisy image segmentation is limited to a classification phase in which the object is transferred to Ontology. With 49,563 images from healthy and diseased plant leaves, 12 plant species were identified and 22 diseases, the proposed method is evaluated. The method proposed produces an accuracy of 86.22 percent for a stopped test set, showing that the strategy is appropriate. EPDO (Enhance Plant Disease Ontology) is built with the web ontology language (OWL). The segmented noisy image elements are paired with EPDO with derived features that come from QPSO. Our results show that a classification based on the suggested method is better than the state-of-the-art algorithms. The proposed method also saves time and effort for removing the noise at noise level from the input image σ=70
Title of the Paper: Design and Performance Evaluation of Energy Efficient 8-Bit ALU At Ultra Low Supply Voltages Using FinFET With 20nm Technology
Authors: V. Vijay, Sadulla Shaik, P. Chandra Shekar, P. Manoja, R. Abhinaya, M. Rachana, N. Nikhil
Pages: 62-70
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.10
Abstract: Since last few years, the tiny size of MOSFET, that is less than tens of nanometers, created some operational problems such as increased gate-oxide leakage, amplified junction leakage, high sub-threshold conduction, and reduced output resistance. To overcome the above challenges, FinFET has the advantages of an increase in the operating speed, reduced power consumption, decreased static leakage current is used to realize the majority of the applications by replacing MOSFET. By considering the attractive features of the FinFET, an ALU is designed as an application. In the digital processor, the arithmetic and logical operations are executed using the Arithmetic logic unit (ALU). In this paper, power efficient 8-bit ALU is designed with Full adder (FA) and multiplexers composed of Gate diffusion input (GDI) which gained designer's choice for digital combinational circuit realization at minimum power consumption. The design is simulated using Cadence virtuoso with 20nm technology. Comparative performance analysis is carried out in contrast to the other standard circuits by taking the critical performance metrics such as delay, power, and power delay product (PDP), energy-delay product (EDP) metrics into consideration.
Title of the Paper: A Robust and Efficient Fault-Resilient RadHard ADPLL
Authors: Varsha Prasad, Sandya Prasad
Pages: 49-61
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.9
Abstract: The high pace emergence in semiconductor technologies and associated application demands have revitalized industries to explore power efficient, stable and fault tolerant digital communication solutions, particularly for time critical applications operating at higher frequency ranges. Thus strengthening low cost CMOS digital design with Radiation Hardened by Design (RHBD) approach can be of paramount significance compared against the high cost Radiation Hard by Process (RHBP) approach. With this motivation, in this paper a novel and robust All-Digital-Phase Locked Loop (ADPLL) design has been developed for frequency synthesis. Our ADPLL design model encompasses multiple novelties and contributions including Feedback-Divider-Less-Counter (FDLC) based ADPLL, predictive phase-frequency detection (PFD), enhanced Time to Digital Converter (TDC) to detect next-edge occurrence of the reference clock that reduces locking period and complexity. The predictive PFD applies a phase-prediction scheme that delays the clock-edges of the reference frequency with a calibrated amount that it always aligned towards the expected frequency clock edge. It makes TDC to be narrow enough to cover the reference and oscillator jitter. Our proposed ADPLL design applied a narrow range converter (TDC) that assist phase-error prediction, correction and phase detection. The reference clock delay facilitates accurate timing relationship estimation with the variable frequency and hence performs retuning of the variable clock to reduce locking period and reduce noise. The ADPLL design has exhibited satisfactory performance for the frequency synthesis with reference frequency of 20MHz and the synthesis frequency of 2.4 GHz meeting radiation hardened features. The simulation results has revealed that the proposed Rad Hard ADPLL design can be a potential solution for space communication systems by maintaining low jitter of 340ps and power consumption of 371.7mW, as the narrow range TDC designed can detect sample radiation induced impulse noise of 20ns, 1mV and correct it.
Title of the Paper: Performance Evaluation of the Good Gain Method Against other Methods using a Water Level Control System
Authors: Bahaddin M. Abubakr, Osama A. Abolaeha, Alamin A. Hameda
Pages: 44-48
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.8
Abstract: Various tuning methods have been proposed for proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. A respectively new and simple experimental method for tuning PID controllers named a Good Gain method that was recently proposed by F. Haugen in 2010, this method is not yet recognized among the other known methods for tuning. However, the founder of this methods claims that it can be an alternative to the famous Ziegler-Nichols. In this paper, PID tuning method has been performed experimentally using a real water level system in order to test and validates the Good Gain method. Also other PID tuning methods applied to the same system to compare the results. The results show that the Good Gain method gives an acceptable stability and response comparing to the other industrial PID controller tuning procedures.
Title of the Paper: Advanced ICT for Access of Visual Impaired People to Computers, Knowledge, Education and Culture
Authors: Dimitar Karastoyanov, Stanislav Gyoshev, Ava Chikurteva
Pages: 40-43
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.7
Abstract: The paper presents methods and tools for tactile access of people with visual impairments to a graphical computer interface, cultural and historical heritage and temperature in the home. Different size of graphical Braille screens on the base of linear electromagnetic micro drives, tactile graphical tiles and thermometer for visual impaired are described. The presented devices give access of visual impaired people to graphical computer interface (Windows), objects of cultural and historical heritage, as well as give possibilities for better education and perception of knowledge
Title of the Paper: The Synthesis of Soil Resistivity and EMF of Underground Cable Combined with 3-D Electromagnetic Field Study in Analyzing the Grounding Touch
Authors: Jeu-Min Lin
Pages: 31-39
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.6
Abstract: The earthing analysis is proposed in this paper. The effects of 3-D electromagnetic field and the influences of stray currentare considered in the text simultaneously. The activity in the high-voltage environment is risky of being injured by electricshock. The safety of personnel in and around electric power the installations has been a prime concern. Specially, the safety isgenerally in terms of the allowable touch and step voltages. These voltages are related to the earthing resistance of human foot.I ofn order to increase the safety of personnel, a high resistivity surface layer of gravel is normally existed in the substationswitchyards or other high voltage areas. The thickness of this layer will affect the calculation of the earthing resistance ofhuman foot. Thus, the effect of soil resistivity will be considered in this paper. Among them, the electromagnetic field andhumidity factors are also considered in this paper. As a result, the surface layer of gravel can be used to reduce the earthingresistance of human foot. The equivalent model of human foot was modeled by the circular plate conductor in the past. Whichconsider the beauty of the environment, most of the transmission lines are in the surface, so the transmission line generated bythe discrete current will affect the earthing resistance estimation, thus the proposed paper will consider the composition of thespecial function which is the mathematical calculus popularized by the basic theorem of calculus. On the other hand, the dampingredients, temperatures, and soil resistivity on the surface will also be considered in this paper. This paper research into theproposed method for estimating the earthing resistance of human foot and proposes an equivalent model for calculating thegrounding resistance of human foot. The comparisons of the method are also shown in this paper.
Title of the Paper: A Novel Approach for Analysis CNTFET based Domino Circuit in Nano-Scale Design
Authors: Namrata Sharma, Uday Panwar
Pages: 22-30
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.5
Abstract: As semiconductor industries is developing day by day to meet the requirement of today’s world. As scaling of ICs day by day to introduce functionality of the device while fabrication more and more component which results in shorter the life of the battery operated device which has to be improved. Here in this article we have measured performance parameters like power consumption, UNG, Evaluation Delay, standby power and speed of various domino circuits provided for various inputs like 8 &16 input OR gate. When we compared power, delay, and PDP of different topologies of domino circuit design with the simulation results which is performed by using SPICE tool at 32nm CNTFET process technology with supply voltage 0.9V and 27⁰ C of temperature at 100 MHz. All the simulation results is done in CMOS & CNTFET technology, it is observed that saving of average power upto 90.46% with same delay, with improvement of 5.8 × Noise-immunity with scaling of technology.
Title of the Paper: Towards Liveable and Sustainable Egyptian New Cities: Learned Lessons from Columbia, Maryland
Authors: Shimaa A. Ali
Pages: 14-21
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.4
Abstract: After more than thirty years of their establishment, 26 New Cities in Egypt are attracting less people than the informal areas. The main objective of this paper is to form a new vision for liveable sustainable Egyptian new cities that attract people to live in, using the descriptive, analytical, deductive methodologies to achieve the research goals. The research starts with discussing the “NCs” definition and its dimensions, and then it explores the major features of sustainability, explains the relationship between the economic, urban, environmental, and social forces shaping the sustainability in developing the new cities. Afterwards, the research focuses on presenting the current situation of the Egyptian experience in developing new cities in the desert areas and the major pertinent impediments, and then analyses the international experiences of sustainable New Cities, Columbia, Maryland in USA. In addition, the case study analysis is a part of a field visit and surveys done by the researcher during Winter and Summer 2015. Finally, the research draws from the previous analyses, the lessons learned from the American experience, the implications for developing Sustainable NCs from inception through completion, in addition to managing the following on-going operations.
Title of the Paper: Developing Software for Simulation of Material and Wave Properties of Piezoelectromagnetics Incorporating Gravitational Phenomena
Authors: Aleksey Anatolievich Zakharenko
Pages: 10-13
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.3
Abstract: This short report acquaints the reader with the developed software that can work with piezoelectrics, piezomagnetics, and piezoelectromagnetics (PEMs) with incorporation of gravitational phenomena, i.e. piezogravitotorsionoelectromagnetic (PGTEM) materials. This software can calculate the material properties and wave characteristics in all the aforementioned continuous media. Also, it allows the PEM and PGTEM composite creation from the material parameters of both piezoelectrics and piezomagnetics that present in the software database or can be loaded from a file. The software interface and sample calculations are demonstrated.
Title of the Paper: The Power Options for Transmitting Systems Using Thermal Energy Generator
Authors: Michal Oplustil, Martin Zalesak
Pages: 6-9
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.2
Abstract: This paper was aimed on system design of electric energy converting from thermal energy. This electric energy was harvested by human actions or from human impact on the device. The first part of this article describes principles of thermal energy conversion to electric energy. The second part of this paper describes design of the thermoelectric generator for the autonomous broadcast systems
Title of the Paper: Inhibition of Activated Sludge Respiration by Heavy Metals
Authors: Silvie Hartmann, Hana Skrobankova, Jarmila Drozdova
Pages: 1-5
http://doi.org/10.46300/91015.2020.14.1
Abstract: Inhibition of the respiration microbial activity in the activated sludge caused by heavy metal concentrations (Cr, Cd, Cu and Ni) was studied by means of respirometric method using Strathtox respirometer (Strathkelvin Glasgow).The studied sludge samples were obtained from the two waste water treatment plants with different types of pollution (municipal waste water and domestic waste water)
